Organizational Risk Management and Performance from the Perspective of Fraud: A Comparative Study in Iraq, Iran, and Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to examine the impact of enterprise risk management (ERM) on firm performance capital markets in developing nations such as Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. In order achieve study’s primary purpose, economic environments Iraq, three neighboring nations, were examined from 2012 2019. The hypotheses tested using panel regression analysis. According data, ERM might boost return assets lower total Iranian enterprises while raising Iraqi firms. addition, data demonstrated that decreased sales growth boosted net profit margins Arabian companies. enhanced firms lowering it was shown asset turnover increased non-fraudulent companies but fell their counterparts. outcomes this revealed substantial evidence regarding financial conditions operating emerging nations. As a result, can be inferred efficiency influenced by firm’s nature structure, findings these fundamentally distinct. research contributed literature one essential elements influencing business economies with varying market laws. acquired demonstrate scope fraud its influence businesses